Evaluating the biological effectiveness of fully and partially protected marine areas

Table 6 The difference in the magnitude of response to protection (ES _DIFF ) between target-protected [TP] and non-target [NT] species for density data

	(a) All MPA case-studies included (N = 9)				(b) Sensitivity analysis; habitat confounded studies excluded (N = 7)
	ES _DIFF	95% CI	Z-val	p-val	ES _DIFF	95% CI	Z-val	p-val
rho = 0	−0.32	−0.72 → 0.08	−1.55	0.12	−0.09	−0.37 → 0.19	−0.64	0.52
rho = 0.5	−0.29	−0.69 → 0.11	−1.42	0.15	−0.08	−0.37 → 0.22	−0.52	0.60
rho = 1	−0.25	−0.56 → 0.06	−1.60	0.11	−0.03	−0.28 → 0.22	−0.23	0.82

Studies were weighted by the variance of the difference between two correlated variables (correlation coefficients of rho = 0, 0.5, 1). The ES_DIFF, 95% confidence interval, Z-val and p-val are given for (a) all PPA case-studies that provided data for both categories and (b) for PPAs with no habitat confounded effect. N represents the number of PPAs included in the analysis.

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