Table 5 Summary of information on species composition between logged peat forest and smallholder plantations*
From: Systematic review of effects on biodiversity from oil palm production
Author | Year published | Taxonomic group | Similarity between logged peat forest and plantation | Similarity between logged peat forest and smallholdings | Statistics used | Changes in communities between forest and plantation | Notes on similarity | Causes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Azhar et al. [26] | 2011 | Birds | 21.40% | 19.10% | Analysis of similarity, Similarity percentage procedure | Yes | Oil palm management regimes had a similar species composition but both differed from the forest. The bird community in oil palm consisted of non-forest resident, forest-dependent, migratory, and wetland species. | Extensive canopy cover which in turn may suppress ground layer vegetation that can provide refuge from predators and provide food sources. |