What is the impact of active management on biodiversity in boreal and temperate forests set aside for conservation or restoration? A systematic map

Table 2 Combinations of interventions and dominant genera of trees (number of studies)

Intervention	Genus
Intervention	Abies	Acer	Alnus	Betula	Carya	Eucalyptus	Fagus	Fraxinus	Larix	Liriodendron	Picea	Pinus	Populus	Prunus	Pseudotsuga	Quercus	Thuja	Tilia	Tsuga	All studies
Burning	40	14	1	6	18	6	4	2	1	4	35	143	8	2	43	58	0	3	3	227
Thinning	42	13	0	0	0	0	6	1	7	1	26	119	6	4	80	46	4	1	18	229
Partial harvesting	46	68	1	33	12	2	38	9	2	5	108	53	42	3	53	47	8	4	34	311
Removal of woody understorey	11	8	4	5	5	0	3	2	0	2	6	18	2	1	10	32	0	2	0	57
Removal of ground vegetation	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	3	5	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	9
Litter manipulation	1	3	1	1	2	1	1	2	0	2	2	11	1	0	1	5	0	0	1	20
Creation of dead wood	1	3	1	3	0	1	1	0	1	0	40	13	6	0	5	4	1	0	2	66
Addition of dead wood	2	0	0	0	0	2	3	0	0	0	16	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	19
Grazing or exclusion from grazing	12	20	8	27	2	8	22	13	1	1	21	42	15	6	4	46	3	3	11	157
Mowing	0	1	3	1	0	0	1	3	0	0	0	3	1	0	0	4	0	1	0	10
Coppicing	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	4
Pollarding	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	1	0	4
Underplanting	0	0	2	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	4	6	2	0	12	1	0	0	3	25
Introduction of non-tree species	1	2	0	0	1	0	1	2	0	0	3	2	1	0	2	4	0	0	0	11
Control of exotic/invasive species	1	8	0	0	3	0	8	5	0	1	0	2	2	1	0	8	0	0	1	21
Hydrological interventions	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4
Other interventions	0	2	0	1	3	0	1	0	0	3	2	5	1	0	0	5	0	0	0	13
All interventions	102	107	18	73	31	13	77	25	11	11	195	277	69	13	121	171	13	13	52

The table shows the number of included studies with a given combination of intervention and dominant (or co-dominant) genera of trees. Data are presented for genera covered by a total of 10 studies or more. Many of the studies have listed more than one genus as dominant

ISSN: 2047-2382