Fig. 7

Number of studies according to farm type and irrigation method. The figure shows studies have been predominantly conducted in research stations, followed by rain-fed smallholder farms. Studies of smallholder farms were predominantly located in India (n = 27), China (n = 15), Ethiopia (n = 14), Brazil (n = 12), and Zimbabwe (n = 11). The majority of large or commercial farms were predominantly in Brazil (n = 11), China (n = 7), India, Mexico and South Africa (ea. n = 6). The small number of studies conducted in large-scale farms could be reflective of the regions included in the study