Table 1 Types of health impacts associated with contact with alien plants and animals considered within the remit of this systematic map
Type of contact | Example impacts associated with alien plant species | Example impacts associated with alien animal species |
|---|---|---|
Impacts arising from direct contact | Skin blistering resulting from contact with Heracleum mantegazzianum sap | Bites e.g. from Aedes albopictus; stings from Vespa velutina |
Impacts arising from indirect contact | Allergic rhinitis resulting from contact with pollen from Ambrosia artemisiifolia | Pseudo allergic reaction to urticating setae produced by Thaumetopoea processionea |
Impacts arising from the transmission of pests or pathogens by the alien species | n/a | Malaria from introduced mosquito bites; Lyme disease transmitted by ticks spread by Eutamias sibiricus |