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Table 2 Coding tool for tillage intervention categories

From: How does tillage intensity affect soil organic carbon? A systematic review

Tillage category

Description

No tillage

No tillage activities undertaken. Also described as direct drill. Some machine activity is present where crops are planted or seeds broadcast, or where fertilisers and pesticides are applied. Light scarification of the soil surface may also occur

Intermediate intensity tillage

Soil is disturbed to a maximum depth not exceeding 40 cm and using only non-inversion tillage machinery; i.e. the soil profile is not inverted by means of turning apparatus such as a mouldboard. Examples include; chisel plough, disking, heavy duty cultivator, rotavator, rotary harrow, grubber, and field cultivator

High intensity tillage

Full inversion tillage occurs where the soil profile is inverted by means of turning apparatus such as a mouldboard. Non-inversion tillage to depths of 40 cm or more is also included. Ridge tillage, where soil ridges are built up using sets of opposing mouldboards and planted into, is also included