Table 10 Summary of the main effects highlighted in the narrative syntheses

Q1 habitat/management practices

A: vegetation restoration

+ to NS

6 control-impact studies

6 medium

B: artificialization of the LTI

− to NS

4 control-impact studies, 1 BACI study

1 low, 4 medium

C: mowing and grazing

Difficult to synthesize (inconsistencies)

5 control-impact studies, 1 BACI study

1 low, 5 medium

Q2 habitat in LTI verges vs. at proximity

D: Coleoptera in terrestrial LTI verges in comparison with other habitats

Difficult to synthesize (inconsistencies)

10 control-impact studies

6 low, 4 medium

E: pollinators in terrestrial LTI verges in comparison with other habitats

NS to +

8 control-impact studies

4 low, 4 medium

F: “unwanted species” in road verges in comparison with other habitats

NS to +

7 control-impact studies

2 low, 5 medium

G: other groups^a in terrestrial LTI verges in comparison with other habitats

NS to +

10 control-impact studies

6 low, 4 medium

H: all species in aquatic LTI verges in comparison with other habitats

Not possible to conclude (too few and inconsistent studies)

3 control-impact studies

1 low, 2 medium

Q3 dispersal/management practices

–

No article

Q4 dispersal in LTI verges vs. at proximity

–

Not possible to conclude (too few and inconsistent studies)

2 control-impact studies

2 medium

Q5 habitat/surrounding landscape

I: urbanization in the surrounding landscape

− to NS

7 control-impact studies

3 low, 4 medium

J: agriculture in the surrounding landscape

− to NS

5 control-impact studies

1 low, 4 medium

K: natural or protected areas in the surrounding landscape

NS to +

4 control-impact studies

1 low, 3 medium

L: forested areas in the surrounding landscape

NS to +

3 control-impact studies

2 low, 1 medium

Q6 dispersal/surrounding landscape

–

No article