Table 3 Distribution of ecotechnologies according to the main substrate type used for recovery
Manure-based | Manure- and crop-based | Crop-based | Other | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(Vermi)composting | 8 | 11 | 3 | |
Algal turf scrubber | 1 | |||
Ammonia stripping | 1 | |||
Anaerobic digestion | 16 | 6 | 1 | |
Aquaponics | 2 | |||
Bioreactors | 1 | 3 | ||
Combination | 19 | 1 | ||
Constructed wetlands | 1 | 1 | ||
Cover crops | 1 | 8 | ||
Crop management | 4 | 7 | ||
Electrocoagulation | 1 | |||
Gasification | 1 | |||
Industry systems | 4 | 1 | ||
Manure treatment/management | 8 | |||
Membrane filtration | 9 | |||
Microalgae cultivation | 3 | |||
Microbial fuel cells | 2 | |||
Nanoparticles to control P leaching | 1 | |||
Nutrient biofilters | 1 | |||
P removal from drainage ditches | 1 | |||
Pyrolysis | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
Scrubber for NH4 recovery | 2 | |||
Soil amendments | 7 | 13 | 6 | 1 |
Source separation | 1 | |||
Struvite precipitation | 13 | 1 | 1 | |
Number of studies | 98 | 39 | 29 | 11 |