Table 4 Variables used in the data analysis. Excludes intensity of harvest, which was tested only for uneven-aged forests
Category | Variable | Description |
|---|---|---|
First stage of analysis: At the forest management level (uneven-aged or even-aged) | ||
Publication bias | Effect size | |
Effect modifiers related to study attributes | Country | |
Study year | ||
Sampling method | ||
Literature type | Academic or grey literature | |
Comparator | Management type | Natural, young even-aged forest, mature even-aged forest or retention forest |
Second stage of analysis: At comparator forest level | ||
Species attributes | Taxa | Taxa that had at least two studies per comparator were analysed |
Habitat specialism | Forest dependent species, generalist, open habitat species, soil inhabiting species | |
Forest attributes | Deadwood | Volume of deadwood Uneven-aged management: Volume of deadwood in comparator forest when the comparator was young even-aged forest or retention; volume of deadwood in exposure forest when the comparator was mature even-aged or natural forest. Even-aged management: Volume of deadwood in exposure forest in the case of all comparators |
Years since harvest | How many years ago the forest was harvested Uneven-aged: time since exposure forest was harvested was used when comparator was natural forest or mature even-aged forest; time since comparator forest was harvested was used when comparator was young even-aged forest or retention Even-aged: time since exposure forest was harvested was used with all comparators | |