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Table 3 The categories used to code coastal and marine ecosystem services

From: Evidence on the impact of Baltic Sea ecosystems on human health and well-being: a systematic map

Provisioning ES

Biotic materials (raw materials; fibre; ornamental, genetic resources; biochemicals)

Food provision (marine & terrestrial animals and plants)

Water storage and provision

Other provisioning ES

Regulating ES

Air quality regulation

Biological regulation (pest and disease regulation)

Climate and weather regulation

Coastal protection (nat. hazard regulation & moderation of extreme events; water regulation; erosion regulation)

Life-cycle maintenance (gene pool & genetic diversity protect.; habitat protect.; pollination; maintenance of habitats for migratory species)

Sea nourishment

Water purification

Other regulating ES

Cultural ES

Cognitive effects (e.g. inspiration for culture, art & design; knowledge systems, educational values)

Recreation, ecotourism, community activities

Symbolic and aesthetic values (spiritual, religious, cultural, aesthetic values and experience; cultural heritage; sense of place, identity)

Other cultural ES