Table 5 Coral response thresholds (NOAEL/LOAEL) of all studies concerning the effects of deposited sediment on corals
From: Effects of sediment exposure on corals: a systematic review of experimental studies
Coral age class | Binary coral response | # Treatment groups* (controls included/excluded) | # Studies/articles with binary data | # Species/genera with binary data | NOAEL | LOAEL | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Concentration (mg/cm2/day) | Duration | Concentration (mg/cm2/day) | Duration | |||||||||||||
Gametes | Reduced fertilization success? | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||
Larvae | Larval mortality? | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||
Limited settlement? | 54/45 | 4/4 | 2/2 | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | |||||||||
Juveniles | Recruit mortality? | 132/87 | 3/3 | 4/2 | 8.3 | 3 days | 8.3 | 3 days | ||||||||
Adults | Reduced P/R ratio? | 60/25 | 5/5 | 16/15 | 26.4 | 2 days | 26.4 | 2 days | ||||||||
Reduced photosynthetic efficiency? | 372/249 | 9/9 | 20/12 | 25.0 | 12 h | 25.0 | 12 h | |||||||||
Local bleaching? | 497/352 | 20/20 | 52/32 | 4.9 | 22 h | 4.9 | 22 h | |||||||||
Reduced growth rate? | 55/40 | 10/10 | 10/7 | 38.4 | 21 days | 53.0 | 21 days | |||||||||
Small tissue necroses? | 750/602 | 21/20 | 76/39 | 4.4 | 22 h | 4.9 | 22 h | |||||||||
Large tissue necroses? | 657/522 | 17/17 | 75/39 | 20.8 | 3 days | 20.8 | 3 days | |||||||||
Total colony mortality? | 678/509 | 24/23 | 84/46 | 20.8 | 1 day | 20.8 | 1 day | |||||||||
Adults | ANY MORTALITY?* | 827/629 | 28/27 | 87/46 | 4.4 | 22 h | 4.9 | 22 h | ||||||||
ANY ADVERSE EFFECT?* | 1085/783 | 34/34 | 101/50 | 4.9 | 12 h | 4.9 | 12 h | |||||||||
All | ANY MORTALITY?* | 965/719 | 31/30 | 89/47 | 4.4 | 22 h | 4.9 | 22 h | ||||||||
ANY ADVERSE EFFECT?* | 1323/943 | 40/39 | 102/51 | 1.0 | 12 h | 1.0 | 12 h | |||||||||