Table 3 Typology of outcomes (see Additional file 7 for detailed typology)

Climate change mitigation

Greenhouse gas emissions

Change in GHG emissions (including nitrous oxide (NO₂), methane (CH₄), and carbon dioxide (CO₂)) as measured in equivalent metric tons of CO₂ as a result of intervention

Carbon storage and sequestration

Measure of change in aboveground biomass carbon stocks

Land condition

Measures of change in characteristics of existing ecosystems, including composition, structure, or function of that ecosystem that affects its carbon storage potential

Land cover

Any measure of change in vegetation cover, including extent of vegetation maintained, recovered/regenerated, deforested, or converted to another land type. Also includes outcomes related to wood extraction from forests for fuel (as a proxy for deforestation)