Evidence of the impacts of metal mining and the effectiveness of mining mitigation measures on social–ecological systems in Arctic and boreal regions: a systematic map

Table 4 Coding impact schema

System affected	Component affected	Factor affected
Soil/geology	Soil surface	Structure
		Quality
		Relief
		Quantity^a
	Soil (other)	Structure
	Soil (other)	Quality
Water	Surface water	Surface drainage (run-off patterns)
		Quality
		Quantity
	Groundwater	Aquifers recharge
		Quality
		Quantity
	Ice	Ice^a
	Sediment	Quality^a
Air	Climate	Climate
	Atmosphere	Air quality
		Noise
		Vibrations^a
		Light
Biodiversity	Flora	Habitat
		Species groups
		Individual species
		Species distribution
	Fauna	Habitat
		Species groups
		Individual species
		Species distribution
	Ecosystems	Quality
	Ecosystems	Protected areas
Human environment	Landscapes	Scenic resources
		Change of land use
		Other qualities
	Economic	Jobs (new employment)
		Local business (e.g. local shops)
		Traditional livelihoods
		Property^a
		Migration^a
		Other^a
	Service and infrastructure demand	Water
		Energy
		Waste
		Consumables/subsistence
		Trade
		Infrastructure
		Public health
		Municipal services
		Public safety (police) ^a
		Other services^a
	Culture/history	Cultural resources
		Archaeological sites
		Heritage
	Health/wellbeing	Health/safety^b
		Education
		Recreation
		Env. justice
		Housing
		Other^a

ISSN: 2047-2382