Skip to main content

Table 7 Toxicity thresholds (TTs) overview by exposure

From: What are the toxicity thresholds of chemical pollutants for tropical reef-building corals? A systematic review

 

Metal

Hydrocarbon

Pesticide

UV filter

Dispersant

Microplastic

Pharmaceutical

Detergent

Other

Nanoparticle

Hydrocarbon | dispersant

Metal | pesticide

Metal | nutrient

Metal | hydrocarbon

Total

Study cases

658

542

532

274

140

116

81

73

58

19

162

24

15

12

2706

Combi-nations

139

118

136

58

31

50

30

11

23

7

37

10

11

2

663

TTs

[low]

30

[21]

29

[24]

24

[6]

7

[5]

9

0

0

4

[4]

2

0

0

0

0

0

105

[60]

Exposure

Al (2),

Cd (1),

Cu (15),

Fe (2),

Ga (2),

Mn (1),

Ni (1),

Pb (4),

V (2)

1-methylnaphthalene (7),

Anthracene (1),

Benzene (1),

Crude oil (5),

Fuel oil (5),

gas Condensate (1),

mineral derived lubricant oil (1),

Naphthalene (1),

Phenanthrene (2),

production formation water (1),

p-Xylene (1),

Toluene (1),

Vegetal derived lubricant oil (1),

Weathered condensate (1)

Carbaryl (1),

Chlorothalonil (1),

Chlorpyrifos (1),

Chlorpyrifos oxon (1),

Cyanide (2),

Diazinon (1),

Diuron (4),

Endosulfan (1),

Fipronil (1),

Imidacloprid (1),

Irgarol 1051 (3),

MEMC (2),

Permethrin (1),

Profenofos (1),

Propiconazole (1),

Tributyltin (2)

Benzophenone-1 (1),

Benzophenone-2 (1),

Benzophenone-3 (2),

Benzophenone-8 (3)

Ardrox 6120 (1),

Corexit 9500 (1),

Corexit 9527 (1),

Dispolen 36 S (1),

Emulgal C 100 (1),

Finasol OSR 52 (1),

Inipol 90 (1),

Slickgone LTSW (1),

SlickgoneNS (1)

  

Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (2),

Nonylphenol ethoxylate (2)

DMSO (1),

Ethylene glycol (1)

     

56

  1. For each exposure category (vertical bars (|) separate simultaneous exposure to several categories): (i) number of study cases; (ii) number of combinations between study overall risk of bias, exposure, outcome, species, life stage, temperature and pH conditions, for which a toxicity threshold might be determined; (iii) number of TTs identified (the number of TTs determined from studies with an overall low risk of bias is indicated within square brackets); and (iv) list of the exposures for which a TT was determined (the number of TTs determined is indicated in brackets). The exposures for which at least one TT was determined based on studies with an overall low risk of bias are underlined